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What are the types of carbon fibers and how can they be distinguished?

What are the types of carbon fibers and how can they be distinguished?

There are three classification methods for carbon fibers: According to carbonization of raw materials, there are three types: 1. The parent material is polyacrylonitrile; 2. The parent material is petroleum or coal tar pitch; 3. The parent material is viscose filament or phenolic fiber There are two types of processing methods: 1. Long single fine fibers; 2. Short fibers or chopped fibers According to mechanical properties, it is divided into: low elastic modulus, standard elastic modulus, medium elastic modulus, high elastic modulus, and ultra-high elastic modulus carbon fiber. Low elastic modulus carbon fiber: elastic modulus below 200GPa, strength below 3500MPa Standard elastic modulus carbon fiber: elastic modulus of 200-280GPa, strength of about 2500MPa or higher Medium elastic modulus carbon fiber: elastic modulus is between 280-350GPa, and strength is about 3500MPa or higher High elastic modulus carbon fiber: elastic modulus of 350-600GPa, strength of about 2500MPa or higher Ultra high modulus carbon fiber: elastic modulus above 600GPa, strength around 2500MPa or higher

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What is the difference between carbon and carbon fiber

What is the difference between carbon and carbon fiber

Different uses, main features, and classifications. 1. Different uses. The main use of carbon fiber is to composite with resins, metals, ceramics, and carbon as a reinforcing material to manufacture advanced composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites have high specific strength and specific modulus among existing engineering materials. Carbon is mainly used as a conductive anode for ultra high power steelmaking electric arc furnaces, electrolytic equipment in the electrochemical industry, and in aerospace, electronics, and nuclear industries. The differences between carbon and carbon fiber include different uses, main characteristics, and classifications. 1. Different uses. The main use of carbon fiber is to composite with resins, metals, ceramics, and carbon as a reinforcing material to manufacture advanced composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites have high specific strength and specific modulus among existing engineering materials. Carbon is mainly used as a conductive anode for ultra high power steelmaking electric arc furnaces, electrolytic equipment in the electrochemical industry, and in aerospace, electronics, and nuclear industries. 2. The main characteristics are different. Carbon fibers have characteristics such as high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. Their appearance is fibrous, soft, and can be processed into various fabrics. Due to the preferred orientation of their graphite microcrystalline structure along the fiber axis, they have high strength and modulus along the fiber axis. Carbon fibers have a low density and therefore a high specific strength and specific modulus. Carbon has light weight, porosity, conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, lubricity, high temperature strength, heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, low thermal expansion, low elasticity, high purity, and processability. 3. Classification is different. The main products of carbon fibers include three categories: polyacrylonitrile based, asphalt based, and viscose based. Each category of products is divided into many varieties due to different types of raw fibers, processes, and final carbon fiber properties. Carbon products can be divided into graphite electrode, carbon block, graphite anode, carbon electrode, paste, electric carbon, carbon fiber, special graphite, graphite heat exchanger, etc. according to product usage. Graphite electrodes can be divided into ordinary power graphite electrodes based on the allowable current density.

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What is carbon fiber? In what ways?

What is carbon fiber? In what ways?

Carbon fiber (CF) is a new type of fiber material with high strength and high modulus fibers with a carbon content of over 95%. It is a microcrystalline graphite material obtained by stacking organic fibers such as flake graphite microcrystals along the axial direction of the fibers and undergoing carbonization and graphitization treatment. Carbon fiber is "flexible outside and rigid inside", lighter in weight than aluminum metal, but higher in strength than steel. It has corrosion resistance and high modulus characteristics, and is an important material in national defense, military industry, and civil applications. It not only has the inherent characteristics of carbon materials, but also has the flexibility and processability of textile fibers. It is a new generation of reinforcing fibers. Carbon fiber has many excellent properties, including high axial strength and modulus, low density, high specific properties, no creep, resistance to ultra high temperatures in non oxidizing environments, good fatigue resistance, specific heat and electrical conductivity between non-metals and metals, small coefficient of thermal expansion, anisotropy, good corrosion resistance, and good X-ray transmission. Good electrical and thermal conductivity, good electromagnetic shielding, etc. Compared to traditional glass fibers, carbon fibers have a Young's modulus that is more than three times higher; Compared with Kevlar fiber, its Young's modulus is about twice that of Kevlar fiber, and it is insoluble in organic solvents, acids, and alkalis, with outstanding corrosion resistance. application area Carbon fiber is an important strategic material for the development of national defense, military industry, and the national economy. It is a key technology intensive material. With the academic research from short fiber carbon fiber to long fiber carbon fiber, the technology and products for using carbon fiber to produce heating materials are gradually becoming popular. In the context of rapid industrialization in the world today, the use of carbon fiber is becoming increasingly diverse. Long fibers have been used as a type of high-performance fiber in China. Carbon fiber composites have irreplaceable advantages in situations requiring high temperature and high physical stability. The higher the specific strength of the material, the smaller the dead weight of the component, and the higher the specific modulus, the greater the stiffness of the component. Due to its excellent performance, carbon fiber has a wide application prospect in the fields of national defense and civil use.

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What are the uses of carbon fiber?

What are the uses of carbon fiber?

The main use of carbon fibers is to composite with matrices such as resins, metals, and ceramics to make structural materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites have high specific strength and specific modulus among existing structural materials. Carbon fiber composites have significant advantages in areas with strict requirements for density, stiffness, weight, and fatigue properties, as well as in situations requiring high temperature and chemical stability. Carbon fiber was produced in the early 1950s in response to the needs of cutting-edge science and technology such as rockets, aerospace, and aviation. It is also widely used in sports equipment, textiles, chemical machinery, and medical fields. With the increasingly stringent requirements of cutting-edge technology on the technical performance of new materials, scientific and technological workers are constantly striving to improve. In the early 1980s, high-performance and ultra-high-performance carbon fibers emerged one after another, which was another technological leap, marking that the research and production of carbon fibers had entered an advanced stage. Composite materials composed of carbon fiber and epoxy resin have become an advanced aerospace material due to their small specific gravity, good rigidity, and high strength. Because every 1kg reduction in the weight of a space vehicle can reduce the weight of a carrier rocket by 500kg. Therefore, there is a scramble to adopt advanced composite materials in the aerospace industry. There is a vertical takeoff and landing fighter that uses carbon fiber composites that already account for 1/4 of the total aircraft weight and 1/3 of the wing weight. It is reported that the key components of the three rocket propellers on the US space shuttle and the advanced MX missile launch tubes are all made of advanced carbon fiber composite materials. In F1 (Formula One World Championship) racing cars, most of the body structure is made of carbon fiber materials. One of the big selling points of sports cars is the use of carbon fiber around the body to improve aerodynamic performance and structural strength. Carbon fibers can be processed into fabrics, blankets, mats, tapes, paper, and other materials. In traditional use, carbon fiber is not generally used alone, except as a thermal insulation material. It is often added as a reinforcing material to materials such as resins, metals, ceramics, and concrete to form composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced composites can be used as body substitute materials such as aircraft structural materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, artificial ligaments, and for manufacturing rocket shells, motor boats, industrial robots, automotive leaf springs, and drive shafts. On December 7, 2022, China successfully launched the Kuaizhou 11 solid carrier rocket, which is made of carbon fiber composite materials.

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How to machine carbon fiber products?

How to machine carbon fiber products?

Carbon fiber materials have the advantage of being light and thin compared to other materials, and can be used to produce products with various complex shapes without special processing. Carbon fiber products are laminated and hot-pressed with carbon fiber prepregs. After molding, they have high hardness and brittleness, which requires attention during later machining to prevent delamination and tearing During the machining of carbon fiber products, delamination and tearing are prone to occur, which can lead to a decline in the performance of carbon fiber products. Due to the relatively high strength of carbon fiber products, the cutting force is also higher, especially when processing carbon fiber products with relatively thick wall thickness. At this time, there will be a lot of heat around the hole, so it is recommended to choose a hard alloy or diamond bit during machining. The traditional Fried Dough Twists bit is easy to cause debris accumulation. It is recommended to choose a drill with a central through hole and a row groove on the end face, which is conducive to the discharge of debris. When drilling carbon fiber products, the shear stress of the cutter head along the linear velocity direction causes the surface layer of the carbon fiber material to form a tearing delamination force without binding. However, as the drill bit gradually deepens, the drill bit will generate a certain taper, and then there is a force perpendicular to the surface of the carbon fiber product that can resist the tearing delamination force, which can ensure the overall mechanical properties of the carbon fiber product. When drilling into the fiber layer at the bottom of Z, the bearing capacity of the bottom is relatively low, and wrinkles and burrs are prone to occur under axial action. Therefore, during the correction process, it is necessary to make the drill bit have a polishing effect to ensure that the accuracy requirements of the hole meet the actual requirements.

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